Pearl Farming
Pearl farming, also known as pearl culture, is the process of cultivating pearls by surgically implanting a nucleus into live oysters or mollusks, which are then nurtured in water bodies until the pearl forms. It’s a high-value aquaculture activity with great economic potential.
How It Works:
1. Collection of Oysters:
Freshwater or marine oysters are selected for pearl production.
Common species: Pinctada fucata (marine) and Lamellidens marginalis (freshwater).
2. Surgical Implantation:
A small bead (nucleus) and mantle tissue are inserted into the oyster.
3. Rearing in Water:
Oysters are suspended in ponds, tanks, or sea cages for 12–18 months.
Regular monitoring for water quality and health.
4. Harvesting:
Pearls are harvested, cleaned, and graded based on size, shape, color, and luster.
Types of Pearls:
- Freshwater Pearls: Grown in rivers and ponds; more affordable.
- Saltwater Pearls: Grown in the sea; more lustrous and expensive.
- Natural vs. Cultured Pearls: Cultured pearls are human-assisted but naturally formed.
Benefits:
- High market value and export potential.
- Low land requirement – can be done in water tanks or ponds.
- Eco-friendly when managed properly.
- Can be integrated with fish or prawn farming.
